|
Vladimir Ivanovich Guerrier ((ロシア語:Владимир Иванович Герье); – 30 June 1919) was a Russian historian, professor of history at Moscow State University from 1868 to 1904. As the founder of the "Courses Guerrier", he was a leading instigator of higher education for women in Russia. He was also a member of the Moscow City Duma, the State Council of Imperial Russia and the Octobrist Party. Guerrier's name is sometimes transliterated from the Cyrillic into the Roman alphabet as Ger'e, but he himself preferred Guerrier. When publishing works in German, he used the form W. I. Guerrier (the ''W'' representing ''Wladimir''). ==Life== Born in 1837 in Khovrino, a suburb of Moscow, Guerrier was descended from immigrants to Russia who had moved from Hamburg. An uncle, Jean François Guerrier, otherwise Frantz Ivanovitch Guerrier, had arrived in the time of Catherine the Great to work as a millwright.〔Georges Dulac, S. Karp, & Roland Mortier, ''Les Archives de l'Est et la France des Lumières: Guide des archives'' (2007), pp. 169-170〕 Guerrier lost both parents as a small child and was brought up by relations as a Lutheran. He received his secondary education in Moscow at the parish school of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Peter and Paul on Kozmodemyansk Street, now Starosadskiy Lane. In 1854 he entered the historical-philological faculty of the Moscow State University, where he was a student of Granovsky.〔M. M. Novikov, ''Dvukhsotletie Moskovskogo Universiteta: prazdnovanie v Amerike'' (1956), p. 101〕 Upon completing this course, he was retained by the university to prepare for a professorship, and at the same time he became a teacher of literature and history to the first Moscow Cadet Corps. In 1862, he defended his master's thesis: ''The struggle for the Polish throne in 1733'', and then travelled abroad, spending three years in Germany, Italy and Paris. In 1865 he was elected a professor in the department of general history at Moscow University and began teaching there.〔V. I. Gurko, ''Features and figures of the past: government and opinion in the reign of Nicholas II'' (Stanford University Press, 1939), pp. 381 & 663〕 Guerrier was a lifelong friend of the philosopher Vladimir Solovyov.〔P. W. Schrooyen, ''Vladimir Solov'ëv in the rising public sphere'' (2006)〕 A strong campaigner for the independence of universities,〔 in an article in ''Vestnik Evropy'' in 1876, Guerrier expressed the opposition of most Russian university professors in attacking proposals by Liubimov to transplant important features of the German system of university education into Russia. In 1879, Count Dmitry Tolstoy abolished the professors' disciplinary courts, but the subsequent University Statute of 1884 proved unworkable and had to be repealed.〔V. I. Guerrier, 'Nauka i gosudarstvo' in ''Vestnik Evropy'', October 1876〕〔Ben Eklof, John Bushnell, & Larisa Georgievna Zakharova, ''Russia's great reforms, 1855–1881'' (p. 258 ) online at books.google.co.uk〕 Guerrier was not considered an impressive public speaker. One writer has called him "prolix, fairly boring", contrasting him with a riveting performance by Kovalevsky.〔Thomas Sanders, ed., ''Historiography of Imperial Russia: the Profession and Writing of History in a Multinational State'' (1999), (p. 85 ) online at books.google.com〕 Guerrier wrote in Russian, German, and French. His study of Mably and Jacobinism appeared in French in 1886 and was published in Paris,〔''(L'Abbé de Mably )'', brief details online at books.google.co.uk〕 while a major work on Leibniz appeared in German.〔W. Guerrier, ''Leibniz in seinen Beziehungen zu Russland und Peter dem Grossen'' (St Petersburg, 1873)〕 Critics have suggested that he turned to the French Revolution "to stigmatize opponents of the Russian monarchy".〔Dmitry Shlapentokh, (Forgotten predecessors: the Russian Conservative Historians of the French Revolution ) in ''International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society'' vol. 9, no. 1 (1995), on jstor.org〕 Guerrier died in 1919 and is buried in Moscow at the Pyatnitskaya cemetery. His daughter Elena Vladimirovna Guerrier (1868–1943), who became a schoolteacher, worked also as a translator.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vladimir Guerrier」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|